ANALYSIS OF THE VALIDITY OF CYBER NOTARY-BASED NOTARY DEEDS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CIVIL LAW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1287Keywords:
Civil Law, Cyber Notary, Legal Certainty, Notary, Validity of DeedsAbstract
The development of technology and information has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including in the practice of the legal profession in Indonesia. This research is motivated by the development of the transformation of the notary world towards the digital era through the concept of cyber notary. Cyber notary is the notary's authority to certify transactions electronically. Although Article 15 paragraph (3) of Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning the Notary Position (UUJN) provides the opportunity for such authority, there is a discrepancy with Article 16 paragraph (1) letter m of the UUJN which requires the physical presence of the parties and the direct reading of the deed. This research is a type of normative legal research with a statute approach that is descriptive and analytical. The results of the study show that regulations regarding cyber notaries in Indonesia are still experiencing juridical insynchronization and ambiguity of meaning because the term is only included in the explanation section without a clear operational definition. From a civil law perspective, deeds made by the cyber notary method currently do not have the same legal certainty as conventional authentic deeds because the formality requirement of "physical presence" in Article 1868 of the Civil Code has not been met. The implication is that the deed risks degrading the power of proof into a deed under hand and losing its executory nature. Therefore, synchronization between the UUJN, THE ITE Law, and the Civil Code is needed as well as clear technical regulations to ensure legal certainty for practitioners and the public.
References
[1] Adjie, H. (2014). Indonesian Notary Law: Thematic interpretation of Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning the office of notary. Bandung : Refika Aditama
[2] Adjie, H. (2022). Across Time Opinions and Thoughts of Indonesian Notary Law. Yogyakarta: Bintang Semesta Madani.
[3] Amrizakar. (2020). The Veil of Sanctity of Notary Deeds. West Java: Khalifah Mediatama.
[4] Darus, M. L. H. (2017). Notary Law and the Responsibilities of the Notary Position. UII Press, Yogyakarta.
[5] Hitaminah, D. H. K., & S. H., M. (2024). The Power of Proving Electronically Stored Notary Protocols in the Cyber Notary Concept. Yogyakarta : CV. Star of the Media Universe.
[6] Jaelani, A. (2025). Legal Drafting & Contract Making. Bogor: Abdi Fama Publisher.
[7] Makarim, E. (2020). Notary & Electronic Transactions: Legal Study on Cyber Notary or Electronic Notary. Depok : Rajawali Press.
[8] Moechthar, O. (2017). Basics of Deed Making Techniques. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.
[9] Moechthar, O. & Kn, M. (2024). Notary Law: Techniques for Making Notary Deeds and PPAT. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
[10] Pangarso Golkar, R. W., & SH, S. I, (2022), Law Enforcement for the Protection of Cinematographic Creations in Indonesia. Alumni Publishers.
[11] Patricia, Jessica. (2024). Cyber Notary and Signature Digitization. Yogyakarta: Deepublish Digital.
[12] Ramlan, Erwinsyahbana, T., & Perdana S. (2020). Legal Research Methods in Scientific Papers. Medan: UMSU Press.
[13] Salsa, S. N. (2020). Notary Supervision Law in Indonesia and the Netherlands. Yogyakarta: Kencana.
[14] Sihombing, Eka N.A.M. & Hadita, C. (2022). Legal Research. Malang: Setara Press.
[15] Sinaga, R. Y., Rahayu, S. A. P., Mahrida, M., Arifudin, N., Anitasari, R. F., Sihombing, G. K. H. P., ... & Zulfikar, A. A. (2023). Contract Law. Padang : CV. Gita Lantera.
[16] Wesna, P.A.S., Putra K.F.S., & Sujana, I.N. (2022). Cyber Notary Law: The Legality of Notary Deeds by Using Cyber Notary Documents as Evidence in the Perspective of the Principles of Tabellionis Officium Fideliter Exercebo. Malang: CV. Literacy of the Eternal Archipelago.
[17] Widiarty, Wiwik S. (2024). Textbook of Legal Research Methods. Yogyakarta: Publika Global Media.
[18] Chastra, D. F. "Certainty of Cyber Notary Law in the Rules of Making Authentic Deeds by Notaries Based on the Law of the Notary Position". Indonesian Notary, Vol.3 No.2, (2021). Sec. 17, 248-267
[19] Dalimunthe, A.I., Fitrian, A., & Candra, M. "Synchronization of Article 1868 of the Civil Code in Supporting the Implementation of the Cyber Notary Concept in Indonesia." Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge. Vol.3 No.3 (2023): 705-716.
[20] Herningtyas, T., Azrianti, S., Artanto, T., and Riyanto A. "The Legal Strength of Notary Deeds in Relation to False Information". Journal of Petita, Vol.4, No.1 (2022), 55-64.
[21] Monetery, F Rahma, & Santoso, B. "The Validity and Evidentiary Power of Notary Deeds: Cyber Notary Perspectives in Indonesia." Journal of Notarius. Vol.16 No.2 (2023): 666-685.
[22] Nurdiansyah, F., Prastiyowati, D., & Muhammad, I. M. "Unlawful Acts (Onrechtmatige Daad) Against Cyber Notary-Based Notary Deeds." Diversion: Journal of Law. Vol.10 No.1 (2024): 127-168.
[23] Nurmawati, B., Fahlevie, R. A., Herman, K. M. S., Suparman, M., & Lusia, A. "The Validity of Notary Deeds Using Cyber Notaries in the Making of Authentic Deeds According to the Law of the Notary Department". Action Research Literate, Vol.7 No.9, (2023): 35-41.
[24] Pamungkas, R. Jodhi, Suryadi, & Dewi, A. E. "Analysis of Legal Certainty of Deeds on the Authority of Notaries in Electronic-Based Services (Cyber Notary)". Student Online Journal. Vol. 2 No.1 (2021)
[25] Sona, M. Ni'mah. "The Application of Cyber Notary in Indonesia and the Legal Status of Cyber Notary-Based Notary Deeds." Officium Notary Vol.2 No.3 (2022): 497-505.
[26] Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary
[27] Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions
[28] Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Febi Sabrina Aksa, Lilawati Ginting
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
